Amazon has up to date its buying phrases for Kindle e-books in the USA to make clear that clients are buying a license to the content material, not possession. The brand new assertion reads: “By inserting your order, you’re buying a license to the content material and comply with the Kindle Retailer Phrases of Use.” This replace is restricted to U.S. clients; worldwide customers proceed to see the earlier wording, however the message is identical: You don’t personal it; we’re solely letting you utilize it.
Beginning February 26, 2025, Amazon will discontinue the “Obtain & Switch by way of USB” function for Kindle units. This implies customers can not obtain Kindle books on to their computer systems for handbook switch, because the entry to bought content material will now rely completely on Amazon’s cloud infrastructure. This modification factors out a delicate fact about possession and reinforces a easy truth: It isn’t yours if another person can take it away.
This isn’t simply an Amazon difficulty however applies to all content material and supplies in our present digital period. Your favourite songs and albums in your streaming app can’t be accessed with out an web connection. They restrict the variety of units you’ll be able to hear from, and so they insert adverts until you pay them a month-to-month charge. Gone are the times of data, tapes, and CDs having the liberty to hear nevertheless you need, resell, and even give it away to a buddy.
What does it imply to personal one thing? Possession is often understood because the act or state of possessing one thing. On this case, we clearly possess the content material, however it may be altered or taken away from us at any time. That’s not true possession. Oxford states possession is outlined as “The unique proper to make use of, possess, and get rid of property”. So exclusivity is required in possession.
What about different intangible digital gadgets equivalent to cash or identification? You possess your identify or deal with on social media or e-mail. That’s you, it’s your on-line likeness, persona, and content material that you just created. You can not have two individuals with the identical identify or deal with, and that exclusivity is enforced by a password on the account, however that account could be locked, banned, or deleted at any time by the selections of Fb or X. What about that cash in your checking account? You possess it, and you’ve got authorized rights to it, however banks freeze accounts, and governments seize funds on a regular basis. That’s not true possession.
So I ask once more: What does it imply to personal one thing? It’s not sufficient to own it; having exclusivity and even authorized rights will not be sufficient. To actually personal one thing, you alone should have the ability to implement that possession and exclusivity. Within the bodily world, enforcement largely comes all the way down to coercion and the risk or precise use of violence. The eviction discover from the sheriff’s division, the armed guards in entrance of a vault, the redrawing of borders after a battle. Within the digital area, encryption serves this objective and, on the identical time, removes the necessity for violence by making pressure ineffective. It creates possession that can’t be overridden by violence. No quantity of bodily pressure can break robust cryptography. A authorities can seize a server, and an organization can shut down an account, but when knowledge is encrypted and the secret is non-public, the data stays inaccessible. The one approach to entry encrypted belongings is thru consent.
Encryption doesn’t simply defend digital possession; it adjustments the very nature of energy. It removes violence from the equation. That’s why it’s so disruptive.
Digital signing in encrypted techniques is the way you show possession and management within the digital world. PGP permits you to signal messages and recordsdata, proving they got here from you and haven’t been altered. Nostr, a decentralized social media protocol, works the identical manner. Your posts and identification are tied to your non-public key, not an organization that may ban or delete you. Bitcoin exemplifies this precept. Controlling your non-public keys means solely you’ll be able to entry and handle your funds. Once you signal a Bitcoin transaction, solely you’ll be able to entry and transfer your cash. No financial institution can freeze it, no authorities can seize it with out your key. True possession is about having the facility to implement that possession.
The Bitcoin axiom “Not your keys, not your cash” involves thoughts. “Not your keys, not your cash” means in the event you don’t management the non-public keys to your Bitcoin, you don’t personal it. Once you maintain Bitcoin on an trade, the trade holds the keys, not you. They’ll freeze your account, restrict withdrawals, and even lose your funds. Brokerage accounts and retirement accounts with Bitcoin ETFs could be frozen or seized the identical as any checking account. True possession means holding your keys as a result of solely then do you could have full management over your cash, identification, and property.
The shift from bodily to digital has made entry simpler however possession murky. Whether or not it’s books, music, identification, or cash, simply having possession is an phantasm of possession. Corporations can revoke entry, governments can seize funds, and platforms can erase identities, however encryption adjustments that. Possession turns into enforceable, not by legal guidelines, an organization, or an establishment, however by math. In order for you true digital possession, the rule is straightforward: management your keys, or another person is the true proprietor.
This can be a visitor publish by Will Jager. Opinions expressed are completely their very own and don’t essentially mirror these of BTC Inc or Bitcoin Journal.
